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Aqui está o texto transcrito: --- GREEK KINSHIP TERMINOLO...
Aqui está o texto transcrito:
GREEK KINSHIP TERMINOLOGY
- Classical Greek Terminology
Classical Greek kinship terminology, as it is used for example by Isaios, offers few difficulties of meaning in its terms, and describes a bilateral family rather like our own. The principal usages may be shown in genealogical form as follows:
(Diagrama de parentesco listado na imagem)
The noteworthy terms are: (1) kedestes, (2) anepsios, anepsiadous, exanepsios, and (3) adelphos and adelphe.
Kedestes is applicable to any male who is a close relative by marriage, but who does not belong to the circle of heirs within the anchisteia: the term thus covers our father-in-law, stepfather, brother-in-law, and son-in-law. The close association of the term with words for "mourning" suggests that this name arose from the duties performed in the funerals of members of their wives’ anchisteia, even though they were outside the circle of heirs. The terms pentheros and gambros are, apparently, influenced by the usage of kedestes, and tend to the same classificatory employment. The meaning of nyos similarly tends to wander. Anepsios varies between cousin-german and nephew, and each of these relationships also has its exact term, in both cases a compound of adelphos.
Anepsiadous and its synonym anepsio pais are used not only for the cousin's child (the first cousin once removed), but also for Ego’s parent's cousin (also a first cousin once removed): so Theopompos, the mother’s cousin and heir of Hagnias, calls himself anepsiou pais to Hagnias. The exanepsios was outside the Attic anchisteia, and the term is rarely found. The terms for blood relatives are of the common IE vocabulary except adelphos and adelphe, which have replaced phrater (surviving to mean “member of a phratry”), and the lexicographers’ eor.
- Homeric and popular Greek
(i) Terms of IE Derivation. The Homeric poems contain other terms of IE derivation: hekyos and hekyra, a woman’s father-in-law and mother-in-law; einater, a husband’s brother’s wife. To these we should perhaps add the lexicographers’ aelios, a wife’s sister’s husband.
These additional terms may be shown from the woman’s point of view as:
(Outro diagrama)
From the point of view of posis in this diagram, the adelphê’s husband would be aelios. The relations of posis and aelios would be important within the anchisteia when adelphos died without heirs, for one of the two men would have to provide an adoptive son for adelphos from among his own children, and it is likely that such provision of heirs was regulated by custom and law. In the other hand, there was no such direct tie between Ego, galoos B, and einater, for in the event of posis and daer dying without issue, the adoptive son would be provided by galoos B, not by Ego or einater. Only if the whole of posis’ anchisteia was extinct, in all lines, could children of Ego and einater by other husbands be able to claim inheritance, and it is uncertain whether they would succeed.
The evidence of these names therefore suggests that the type of family organisation represented by the full range of IE kinship terms was different from that of the Attic anchisteia, and included a wider range of relatives by marriage, at least for a woman speaking.
(ii) Other Terms. Homeric and popular Greek also contain a number of kinship terms of non-IE or doubtful derivation.
Kasignetoi and etai: In Iliad 11.257, a son of Antenor is related to his brother both as hopatros.
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Aqui está o texto transcrito:
GREEK KINSHIP TERMINOLOGY
- Classical Greek Terminology Classical Greek kinship terminology, as it is used for example by Isaios, offers few difficulties of meaning in its terms, and describes a bilateral family rather like our own. The principal usages may be shown in genealogical form as follows:
(Diagrama de parentesco listado na imagem)
The noteworthy terms are: (1) kedestes, (2) anepsios, anepsiadous, exanepsios, and (3) adelphos and adelphe. Kedestes is applicable to any male who is a close relative by marriage, but who does not belong to the circle of heirs within the anchisteia: the term thus covers our father-in-law, stepfather, brother-in-law, and son-in-law. The close association of the term with words for "mourning" suggests that this name arose from the duties performed in the funerals of members of their wives’ anchisteia, even though they were outside the circle of heirs. The terms pentheros and gambros are, apparently, influenced by the usage of kedestes, and tend to the same classificatory employment. The meaning of nyos similarly tends to wander. Anepsios varies between cousin-german and nephew, and each of these relationships also has its exact term, in both cases a compound of adelphos. Anepsiadous and its synonym anepsio pais are used not only for the cousin's child (the first cousin once removed), but also for Ego’s parent's cousin (also a first cousin once removed): so Theopompos, the mother’s cousin and heir of Hagnias, calls himself anepsiou pais to Hagnias. The exanepsios was outside the Attic anchisteia, and the term is rarely found. The terms for blood relatives are of the common IE vocabulary except adelphos and adelphe, which have replaced phrater (surviving to mean “member of a phratry”), and the lexicographers’ eor.
- Homeric and popular Greek (i) Terms of IE Derivation. The Homeric poems contain other terms of IE derivation: hekyos and hekyra, a woman’s father-in-law and mother-in-law; einater, a husband’s brother’s wife. To these we should perhaps add the lexicographers’ aelios, a wife’s sister’s husband.
These additional terms may be shown from the woman’s point of view as:
(Outro diagrama)
From the point of view of posis in this diagram, the adelphê’s husband would be aelios. The relations of posis and aelios would be important within the anchisteia when adelphos died without heirs, for one of the two men would have to provide an adoptive son for adelphos from among his own children, and it is likely that such provision of heirs was regulated by custom and law. In the other hand, there was no such direct tie between Ego, galoos B, and einater, for in the event of posis and daer dying without issue, the adoptive son would be provided by galoos B, not by Ego or einater. Only if the whole of posis’ anchisteia was extinct, in all lines, could children of Ego and einater by other husbands be able to claim inheritance, and it is uncertain whether they would succeed.
The evidence of these names therefore suggests that the type of family organisation represented by the full range of IE kinship terms was different from that of the Attic anchisteia, and included a wider range of relatives by marriage, at least for a woman speaking.
(ii) Other Terms. Homeric and popular Greek also contain a number of kinship terms of non-IE or doubtful derivation.
Kasignetoi and etai: In Iliad 11.257, a son of Antenor is related to his brother both as hopatros.
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Traduza para o português
