Lsiteratura Norte Americana - Simulado

Estácio: Alunos\nDisc.: LITERATURA NORTE-AMERICANA: FORMAÇÃO.\nAluno(a): ARISMAR ALVES PEREIRA\n202109350501\n19/09/2022\nAcertos: 2,0 de 10,0\n\nQuestão\nThe 13 colonies declared war against Britain and, on July 4, 1776, issued the Declaration of Independence. What was one of the causes that led to the American Revolution:\n\n☐ the need to end slavery in the United States.\n☐ the interference of the English in the autonomy of the US.\n☐ the large debts of American colonists to English businessmen.\n☒ the increasing tension between the 13 colonies.\n☐ the inability of the English to deal with Native Americans.\n\nExplicação:\nWhen the English started interfering with the autonomy of the US (increasing taxes, expanding the number of troops, imposing new laws), the colonists felt it was time to rebel and become independent. The correct answer is thus: the interference of the English in the autonomy of the US.\n\nQuestão 2\nMichael Wigglesworth’s writings served the purpose of placing his name among the greatest figures of Puritanism in America. What does his poem The Day of Doom illustrate?\n\n☒ the terrible results in disobeying God’s authority.\n☐ the injustice of the Salem witch trials.\n☐ the dismissal of the beliefs of the Pilgrim Fathers.\n☐ the Puritans’ need for sexual repression.\n☐ the weakening of Protestantism in the colonies.\n\nExplicação:\nThe poem The Day of Doom shows how people who choose not to abide by divine rules are destined to be sentenced to eternal damnation on Judgement Day. The option that correctly presents the poem’s ideas is \"the terrible results in disobeying God’s authority.\" Questão 3\nTranscendentalism entails a new way to experience America through numerous spheres: philosophical, political, religious, and especially, literary. The notion of the \"self\" is important to transcendentalists because:\n\n☐ it justifies the existence of religion.\n☐ it helps to understand the universe.\n☒ it legitimizes the material world.\n☐ it relates to nationalist principles.\n☐ it reinforces logical explanations.\n\nExplicação:\nAnswer: it helps to understand the universe.\nFeedback: According to transcendentalism, by understanding and being true to your own self, it is possible to grasp and have better access to the mysteries of nature and the universe. While one is the micro (self), the other is the macro (universe). The self then helps to understand the universe.\n\nQuestão 4\n\"Frederick Douglass, original name Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, (born February 1818, Talbot county, Maryland, U.S.-died February 20, 1895, Washington, D.C.), African American abolitionist, orator, newspaper publisher, and author who is famous for his first autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself.\"\nRetrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-Douglass\n\nNarrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass can be associated to the work of Benjamin Franklin because of its:\n\n☐ focus on an individual in search of opportunities.\n☐ presentation of the importance of industry.\n☒ ironic style in presenting a narrative.\n☐ insistence on nationalist ideals.\n☒ emphasis on the accumulation of wealth.\n\nExplicação:\nAnswer: focus on an individual in search of opportunities.\nFeedback: Douglass’s autobiography resembles Franklin’s in its portrayal of a single individual who trusts his own self and sees the United States as a land of opportunity and, therefore, struggles to search for his own version of success. Questão 5\n\"The fireside poets (also called the \"schoolroom\" or \"household\" poets) were the first group of American poets to rival British poets in popularity in either country. Today their verse may seem more Victorian in sensibility than romantic, perhaps overly sentimental or moralizing in tone, but as a group they are notable for their scholarship, political sensibilities, and the resilience of their lines and themes.\"\nRetrieved from: https://poets.org/text/brief-guide-fireside-poets\n\nExplain:\nThe Firesides’ international success relied on their rejection of the American ideal of a nation, they solely relied on European connections in order to write their poems.\nThe Firesides’ international success relied on writing comfortable poetry and its publishing in magazines, such as The Atlantic Monthly, guaranteeing its wide broadcast.\nThe Firesides’ international success relied on a small amount of poetry published again and again in different magazines throughout many different months.\nThe Firesides’ international success relied on their investments on magazines abroad, especially in Great Britain, where most of their poems were published first.\n\nExplicação:\nAnswer: The Firesides’ international success relied on writing comfortable poetry and its publishing in magazines, such as The Atlantic Monthly, guaranteeing its wide broadcast.\n\nQuestão 6\nThe body, or neither the problem of embodiment, which this poem proposes, is a central figure, or site, in Dickinson’s work. It intersects a range of forces or concerns both powerful and colliding. This begins with questions of identity that almost obsessively concern her. Such questions are multiple. They include her identity as a poet, very possibility of, or desire for embodiment in text as a woman is highly fraught (her body); her religious identity, in a broad metaphysical context of ambivalence towards material and temporal embodiment; and finally, her identity as an American, in terms of definitions of selfhood as these have peculiarity taken shape within the history of the United States. (WOLOSKY, 2002, p. 129-130)\n\nAfter reading the contextualization above and the affirmatives below, mark the only option indicating the correct set of affirmative(s).\n\nI. Emily Dickinson was a poet of sole abstraction, exclusively interested in the subject of the human soul.\nII. Body and soul were not considered as two separate elements.\nIII. Emily believed that elaborating an identity for oneself involved deep reflection upon the relation between body and soul.\n\n☐ I, only.\n☐ II a III, only.\n☐ I and III, only.\n☒ II, III and III.\n☒ II, only.\n\nExplicação:\nAnswer: II a III, only.\nFeedback: Dickinson’s poetry regards both body and soul as a conjoined aspect of human nature. The conflicts she experiences as a woman, as an embodied woman, are also the conflicts which shape her interest in religion, for example. Deemed as the \"fragile sex\", women were not as welcome in nineteenth-century Heaven as men. Estádio: Alunos\nMoby-Dick (1851) is a novel that explores many layers of knowledge, and mixes adventures, philosophical reflections, symbolism, religion, history, and biblical allusions throughout the text. It brings a realistic tone when portrays\nChoose the best option to fill the gap\n☐ the whaling business in USA in the 1840s\n☐ the prototype of human fallibility in Ahab\n☐ the ship as a representation of the USA\n☑ the whale as a symbol of dark forces\n☐ the dangers and exoticism of the sea\n\nExplicação:\nThe novel portrays the whaling business in the United States in the 19th century in a very realistic tone. Ishmael interrupts his narrative to speak as an advocate for the dignity of the whaling industry and argues that whaling is a clean and upright profession that brings considerable profit to the economy. The whale, the ship and the characteristics of Captain Ahab are examples of symbolism in the narrative.\n\nBartleby, the Scrivener, depicts a man who is a copyist, a profession that demands people to copy documents by hand, an equivalent of a photocopy machine of the 19th century. One characteristic of Bartleby is his\nChoose the best option to fill the gap\n☑ energy\n☐ cooperation\n☐ obedience\n☐ dehumanization\n☐ joy\n\nExplicação:\nThe employee, Bartleby, isolates and alienates himself from work, people and the world itself. He incorporates the purpose of his position, transforming himself in a human machine. In the first days at the office, Bartleby works very well, demonstrating cooperation, obedience, energy, and joy; however, he gradually disentangles his being from the nets of work, family, friends and class.\n\nIn an interview with The Sunday Oregon, August 9, 1895, Mark Twain makes the following statement about creating characters like Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn: \"I rather enjoyed writing them. The characters were no creations of my own. I simply sketched them from life. I knew both those boys so well that it was easy to write Estádio: Alunos\nConsidering the creative process of the writer, choose the correct alternative:\n☑ By privileging the observation of everyday life and giving voice to characters from the lower classes of society, Mark Twain adheres to the realist aesthetics in literature.\n☐ The characters in Mark Twain's novels originate from reports made when he was a reporter for newspapers.\n☐ For Mark Twain, creating characters is more important than defining the space of their actions.\n☐ Mark Twain summarizes the authors' difficulty, in the 19th century, in moving from romanticism to realism within literature.\n☐ Mark Twain's literature is strictly based on autobiographical episodes in order to grant legitimacy to the stories.\n\nIn literature and in the arts, there are many examples of physical spaces that become more than mere geographic descriptions of the places where actions take place. Often, they are fundamental elements for the composition of the actions that move the story.\nIn the novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, and The Turn of the Screw, by Henry James, the spaces that play an important role in the construction of the characters are, respectively:\n☐ Tom Swayer's house; and the children's school.\n☐ Steamboat; and the servants' ghosts.\n☐ Widow Douglas's house; and the city where Mrs. Grose was born.\n☑ The South of the United States; and the imagination of the Governess.\n☐ The Mississippi and Ohio Rivers; and the Bly mansion.\n\nExplicação:\nMark Twain knew the Mississippi so well that he took it to his main novel, turning it into the fundamental element for the understanding of the adventures of its main characters, as well as the Ohio River. They are not just places, but components that complete the meaning of the story. The same applies to the Bly mansion, created by Henry James to serve not only as a setting for the apparitions, or alleged apparitions, of ghosts, but to imprint on the reader the ambiguities that define the story. Estádio: Alunos\nhttps://simulado.estacio.br/alunos/\n6/6