Video English For You 03

VIDEOENGLISH\nVIDEOCURSO DE INGLÊS\nPROGRAMADO • INTERATIVO • IMERSÃO TOTAL\nNÚMERO 3\n\"SPECIAL EDITION: YORK, ENGLAND\"\nCOLEÇÃO VIDEO PRINT\nISBN 85-6114-648-8 Hello... and welcome to this special edition of Video English. We will be presenting you with a series of new and exciting features.\nIn Globetrotter, Julian Norwich will take us to visit York, one of Europe's most interesting and historic cities. \nWe’ll also be dealing with: how to ask for directions; how to get people to speak more slowly; and how to do a little shopping.\nIn Global Manager, our special business feature, we will be talking to Susan Norman, an expert on management and language training.\nTo end this edition, Professor Hughes will round off the elements of grammar we concentrated on in the preceding lessons. So faster your seat belts, we’re off to York...\n\nGLOBETROTTER PART 1 4\nGLOBAL MANAGER 14\nTHE PROFESSOR 9\nPRONUNCIATION HOT LINE 16\nGLOBETROTTER PART 2 10\nSUMMING UP 17\nTHE PROFESSOR 13\nREMEMBER...? 20 Globetrotter\nJULIAN: Today we’re off to the city of York, which is over 200 miles from London.\nDONNA: What’s that in kilometers?\nJULIAN: Oh, I don’t know... about 320, I should think. Anyway, it’s about a 4 hour drive from London.\nDONNA: Or 3 hours by Intercity train.\nJULIAN: York, or Eboracum, as the Romans called it, was founded in the year 71 B.C.\nDONNA: I think you mean A.D.\nJULIAN: Right! It stands on the River Ouse, which links York to the sea. This made it an important trading centre, especially during the time of the Vikings.\nDONNA: And there’s a young descendant of the Vikings!\nJULIAN: And I suppose that’s a Roman fisherman!\n\nWhat’s that in kilometers?\nWhat’s that in...? 24 lbs? What’s that in kilograms? 24 libras? Quanto é isso em quilos?\nA million pesetas? What’s that in dollars? Um milhão de pesetas? Quando é isso em dólares?\n71 BC - AD 71 Enquanto BC (Before Christ- antes de Cristo) é colocado depois do ano, AD (Anno Domini- Ano do Senhor, ou seja, depois do nascimento de Cristo) é colocado antes do ano.\nRome was founded in 753 BC.\n\"Roma foi fundada em 753 a.C.\"\nHadrian's Wall was built in AD 123.\n\"A Muralha de Adriano foi construída em 123 d.C.\" JULIAN: Vamos perguntar a esse companheiro. Desculpe, como chegamos ao Museu Viking? MÚSICO: Desçam por fal até o fim da rua. Virem à direita. Atravessam a praça diagonalmente e é bem lá. Vocês não podem errar. JULIAN: Viva! DONNA: Muito obrigada.\nDONNA: É muito longe? JULIAN: Não, é logo virando a esquina. DONNA: Bom, porque estou ficando com um pouco de fome. (Ela vê a fila), Oh, não! JULIAN: Não importa, Donna. Acredite-me, vale a pena ficar na fila. (No Museu Viking)\nJULIAN: Estamos, de fato, diretamente embaixo das ruas da cidade de York. Foi aqui que, durante uma escavação de cinco anos, um grupo de arqueólogos descobriu uma área inteira da Jorvik viking. Ela vai da Jorvik do século dez, às crianças brincando, as pessoas realizando seus negócios diários, as ruas, as casas e as lojas foram cuidadosamente recriadas, de forma que você pode ver, ouvir... Let's go Usa-se Let's + verbo para expressar um convite ou proposta que envolva outras pessoas.\nLet's meet tomorrow. Vamos nos encontrar amanhã.\nLet's play canasta. Vamos jogar canasta.\nThat's too bad! Trata-se de uma fórmula usada para expressar pena, de quem sofreu uma pequena desilusão.\nI failed my driving test. Oh, that's too bad! Fui reprovado no exame de direção! Oh, isso é muito ruim!\nWell done! (literal: Bem feito): Esta é uma fórmula-padrão para cumprimentar alguém por uma conquista.\nI passed my driving test! Well done! Congratulations! Passei no meu exame de direção. Muito bem! Parabéns! I've not smoked a cigarette for three days. Muito bem!\nI was born here Em inglês, o nascimento é um fato somente ancorado no passado. Compare estes exemplos:\nHis wife was born in Poland. Our son was born last Tuesday. A mulher dele nasceu na Polônia. Nosso filho nasceu na última terça-feira. In 1066 O número que indica o ano é lido em duas partes: 1492 = Fourteen ninety-two 1968 = Nineteen sixty-eight 1812 = Eighteen twelve.\nThe 15th century Quando os números ordinais são expressos em algarismos, ao lado deles colocam-se as últimas duas letras da palavra correspondente:\nThe first = 1st The second = 2nd The third = 3rd The fourth = 4th The fifth = 5th\nIt looks fully new Nestlé caso look significa \"parecer\", mas usa-se apenas quando se trata de uma percepção visual.\nYou look tired. Você parece ter cansado.\nHe looks older than 40. Ele parece ter mais de 40 anos.\nWhere to? Fórmula também usada pelos motoristas de táxi para perguntar onde o passageiro quer ir. FACTS & ARTIFACTS\nAntes de ler, na página 23, a tradução destas legendas, experimente ler o texto em inglês. Verifique o que consegue entender. Trata-se de um exercício de compreensão. Reconheça todas as palavras que já viu ou que consegue entender. Veja, então, a tradução só quando tiver, mesmo, dificuldade em entender.\nArcheologists spent 5 1/2 years working on York's Coppergate excavations. They found a number of amazingly well preserved clothes, household objects and coins. Copies of these have been included in the reconstructions of the Viking homes and workshops. Many of the artifacts can be seen in the Viking Centre Gallery; the pride of which is the Coppergate Helmet.\nGuy Fawkes was a member of a group of English Catholics who plotted to kill King James I, by blowing up the Houses of Parliament. One the leaders betrayed the group and on November 5, 1605 Guy Fawkes was arrested and sentenced to death. James I proclaimed November 5th a day of thanksgiving. It is still celebrated all over England with fireworks and bonfires on which an effigy of Guy Fawkes is burned. Groups of children carry their 'Guy' around the neighbourhood and collect money to buy fireworks chanting 'Remember, remember the 5th of November, a penny for the Guy.'\nW.H. Auden was born in York in 1907 and died in Vienna in 1973. He lived most of his life in America and Europe. The poem which Donnu mentions is called 'But I can't' and the first stanza goes: 'Time will say nothing but I told you so, Time only knows the price we have to pay; If I could tell you I would let you know.' PROF: Hello... I hope you’re enjoying your visit to York. The old part of the city is a maze of narrow streets and it’s very easy to get lost. So I’d like to give you the opportunity to practise asking for directions.\nRemember when Julian and Donnu were trying to find the Viking Museum?\nHow do we get to the Viking Museum?\nThe simplest formula for asking for directions is:\nHow do we get to... + your destination.\nLet’s go back to York and practise this:\n■ JULIAN: How do we get to the Viking Museum?\n■ POLICEMAN: The Viking Centre. You go down to the end of the traffic lights, turn right, then immediately left. It takes you to the Viking Centre.\n■ JULIAN: Thank you very much.\n■ JULIAN: How do we get to the Minster?\n■ BUSKER: It’s over there. Go up there, turn right, cross the street, go around the corner and it’s there on the right.\n■ JULIAN: Is it far?\n■ BUSKER: I don’t know... about five minutes... something like that.\nOf course, when you have to ask someone for information in another language, there’s no guarantee you’ll understand what he or she says - they may speak too fast, or have an unfamiliar accent - so here are some strategies for handling this situation.\n■ Could you speak more slowly, please?\n■ Sorry? Could you repeat that?\nOne way of avoiding this situation is, of course, to buy a map of the city. On the other hand, it’s much more fun to try out your English, don't you think? And now back to York... York Minster is the largest Medieval cathedral in northern Europe. Every year more than a million people come from all over the world to admire this superb example of Gothic architecture.\nThe well-kept gardens surrounding the Minster provide a place for both the tourists and the citizens of York to take a break, eat a picnic lunch or simply rest in the shade. Work on the Minster was begun around 1220 by Archbishop Walter Grey. The lavish scale of his project required the skills of masters of every craft.\nThe archbishop himself admitted that money destined for the poor was being used to help carry out his ambitious plan. In fact he wrote: \"The expense is great, but some of our beggars must needs go hungry for the greater glory of God....\" The Minster took 250 years to build and was completed and consecrated in 1472. 500 years later the Minster celebrated its anniversary with the completion of a massive restoration programme costing some £2,000,000. One of the Minster's greatest treasures is its wealth of stained glass. The Great East Window covers some 2000 square feet, which is approximately the size of a tennis court. At the apex God is depicted with the words: EGO SUM ALPHA ET OMEGA - 'I am the beginning and the end...'. An inscription just inside the entrance in the magnificent octagonal Chapter House reads: UT ROSA FLORES FLORUM SIC EST DOMUS ISTA DOMORUM - 'As the rose is the flower of flowers, so this is the house of houses.'... £2,000,000 Repare em duas coisas aqui: quando os milhões se exprimem em algarismos, escreve-se com vírgulas, não com pontos. (Os pontos são usados apenas para os decimais.) A outra coisa que você deve notar, assistindo ao vídeo, é que a palavra million não vai para o plural quando se fala de um número definido. 5,000,000 = five million (não millions) 20,000,000 = twenty million (não millions) O único caso em que million vai para o plural é quando se fala em cifras indeterminadas e muito elevadas. There are millions people in this planet who live on the verge of starvation. Há milhões de pessoas neste planeta que vivem à beira da fome.