271674863 Gramatica Pratica de Ingles

Christine House | John Stevens\nGRAMÁTICA PRÁTICA DE INGLÊS\nGRAMMAR NO PROBLEM\nUma gramática do Inglês atual com exercícios e respostas\nCornelsen\nDISAL EDITORA SUMÁRIO\nOs tempos\n1 Simple present 6\n2 Present continuous 8\n3 Simple present versus present continuous (1) 10\n4 Simple present versus present continuous (2) 12\n5 Simple past 14\n6 Past continuous 16\n7 Present perfect 18\n8 Present perfect versus simple past (1) 18\n9 Present perfect com since e for 22\n10 Present perfect versus simple past (2) 24\n11 Present perfect continuous (1) 26\n12 Present perfect continuous (2) 28\n13 Past perfect 30\n14 Resumo: forma contínua e forma simples 32\n15 Future (1): will 34\n16 Future (2): going to, present continuous e simple present 36\n17 Future (3): will + future continuous, future perfect 38\n\nPerguntas 40\n18 Perguntas (1): perguntas de \"sim\" ou \"não\" e respostas curtas 40\n19 Perguntas (2): perguntas wh-com ou sem do ou com preposição 42\n20 Perguntas (3): question tags 44\n\nModal verbs 50\n21 Modal verbs (1): can 50\n22 Modal verbs (2): must 52\n23 Modal verbs (3): may, might, could 54\n\nGerúndio e infinitivo 56\n24 Gerúndio (1): verbo + -ing 56\n25 Gerúndio (2): preposição + -ing 58\n26 Infinitivo 60\n27 Verbo + objeto + infinitivo 62\n28 used to / be used to / get used to 64 Orações subordinadas 66\n29 Orações adjetivas (1) 66\n30 Orações adjetivas (2) 68\n31 Conditional I 70\n32 Conditional II 72\n33 Conditional III 74\n\nDiscurso indireto 76\n34 Discurso indireto (1) 76\n35 Discurso indireto (2) 78\n\nPronomes e verbos reflexivos 80\n36 Pronomes e verbos reflexivos 80\n\nAdjetivos e advérbios 82\n37 Adjetivos e advérbios 82\n38 Grau dos adjetivos e advérbios 84\n39 Posição dos advérbios 86\n\nSubstantivos 88\n40 Substantivos (1): incontáveis 88\n41 Substantivos (2): singular e plural 90\n\nArtigos e pronomes 92\n42 some - any 92\n43 much - many - a lot; each - every; most; none - nobody - nothing; enough 94\n44 all - everybody - everything; both - the two - either - neither 96\n45 O artigo definido the 98\n46 O artigo indefinido a/an 100\n\nEspaço para anotações 102\nPeculiaridades gramaticais do inglês americano 103\nÍndice remissivo de A a Z 104\nTermos gramaticais ingleses e sua tradução para o português 110\nPeculiaridades ortográficas 111\nCaderno de respostas 113 A: What’s Jim this morning?\nB: He ... (work).\nB: He works on Saturdays.\nA: Oh.\nB: Well, in the morning, He works not in the afternoon.\nA: Can I phone him?\nB: Yes, knows you his phone number?\n\nForma\nhe/she/it com -s\n\nNegação com don't o doesn’t\n\nNegação com do e don't\nRespostas curtas\n\nUso\nO simple present (presente simples) é utilizado para descrever uma situação duradoura.\n\nPalavras sinalizadoras\nExpressões de frequência\n\nDias da semana, meses,\nestações do ano, festas\n\nPosição: expressões de frequência (exceto aquelas com every).\n\nResumo\nhe/she/it com -s: perguntas/respostas com as formas de do\nExpressões de frequência (exceto every...); nenhuma palavra sinalizadora entre o verbo e o objeto. A One sentence has a mistake. Which sentence is correct?\n\tI doesn’t like ice cream.\n\tI don’t like ice cream. ✔\n\n\tHe lives in São Paulo.\n\tHe liv e in São Paulo.\n\tWe don’t like football.\n\tWe not like football.\n\n3 Where live you?\n\tWhere do you live?\n\nM Make negative sentences.\n\tI come from Austria.\n\tI don’t come from Austria.\n\n\tI normally go to bed before 10 o’clock.\n\tThis book teaches vocabulary.\n\tI go to work by train.\n\tWe usually have an English lesson on Tuesday.\n\tMy sisters live in Manchester.\n\nC Complete these dialogues with the verbs in the correct form.\nA: I don't understand this letter. Can you help me?\nB: I’m sorry, I don’t (not speak) Spanish.\nA: Where does your sister live?\nB: She ... (live) in America.\nA: Excuse me. Where is the post office?\nB: I’m sorry, I don’t (not know).\nA: Can we meet on Saturday morning?\nB: No, I’m afraid not... (always work) on Saturdays.\n\nD Give short answers.\n\tDo you live in São Paulo? – No, I don’t.\n\tDoes Ann still work for IBM? – No,\n\tDo you have much snow here? – Yes,\n\tDo your children like school? – No,\n\tDoes your boss travel a lot? – Yes,\n\tDo you enjoy your work? Yes,\n\tDoes your wife speak French? No,\n\nE Write questions for these answers.\nA: Where do you live? B: We live in Rio de Janeiro.\n\tA: When ... work?\n\tB: I usually start work at 8:30.\n\tA: How ... to work?\n\tB: Paul? He goes to work by train.\n\tA: How many children ...?\n\tB: They have two children.\n\tA: How often ... tennis?\n\tB: We play tennis once a week.\n\tA: What ... at weekends?\n\tB: At weekends? I often work in the garden. A: Are we all here? Where’s Pete?\nB: He’s ... (coming) out this week.\nA: Oh, why?\nB: He’s working.\nA: Oh, OK. Let’s start the meeting then.\nB: What discuss ... we today!\n\nForma\nUma forma de be + verbo com o sufixo -ing\ncom o sufixo -ing\n\nNegação: você não está (= are not) listening.\nA: Você não está escutando.\nO ônibus não está parando. Eh!\n\nAção/situação está acontecendo no momento ou não está concluída no instante em questão.\nI’m working.\n\nPalavras sinalizadoras:\nAdverbios que expressam \"agora\"\nExpressões adverbiais que designam tempo inacabado.\nPOSIÇÃO: it's just stated on the end of the phrase.\n\nResumo\nUma forma de be + verbo com o sufixo -ing\nAção/situação está acontecendo no momento / não está concluída / é passageira. A One sentence has a mistake. Which sentence is correct? \nWhat are you reading? \nWhat are you reading? \n\n1 a My son isn't studying in Germany. \nMy son is studying not in Germany. \n2 We are today talking about the new project. \nWe are talking about the new project today. \n3 I'm just finishing the report. \nI'm finishing just the report. \n\nb a Take your umbrella. It's raining. \nTake your umbrella. It's raining. \n5 Where are you going? \nWhere are you going? \n6 This week are the children staying at home. \nThis week the children are staying at home. \n\nb Make negative sentences. \nI'm learning French. \nI'm not learning French. \n1 I'm working in Belo Horizonte this week. \n2 The children are watching Sesame Street. \n3 The Pope is visiting Thailand at the moment. \n4 We are working from 8 till 3 this week. \n5 I'm learning English for fun. \n\nc Complete these dialogues with the verbs in the correct form. \nA: You can't go out! You're ill. \nB: It's all right. I’m going (go) to the doctor’s. \n4: What’s your brother doing now? \nB: He … (study) in America. \n2: Hurry up or we’ll miss the bus! \nB: I’m sorry, I… (look) for my keys. \n3: Can we play tennis on Saturday morning? \nB: No, I'm afraid not. I... (work) on Saturdays this month. \n4: A: … (you/wait) for the bus? \nB: No, I... (wait) for a friend but she is late. \n\nD Give short answers. \nAre you enjoying the party? - \nNo, I... not. \n1 Is Carol working this weekend? - \nYes, ... \n2 Are you still learning French? - \nYes, ... \n3 Is it still snowing? - \nNo, ... \n4 Are you both going home now? - \nYes, ... \n\n6 Write questions for these answers. \nA: What is Pete studying? \nB: Pete is studying Economics. \n1 A: Why ... French? \nB: Joe? He’s learning it for fun. \nA: Where ... this week? \nB: Jane? She’s working in Hull. \n3 A: Who ... for? \nB: I’m waiting for Thomas. \nA: What time ... ? \nB: We’re meeting at 10 o'clock. A: OK, can you all sit down, please? The pizza is ready. \nB: Mm. You are enjoying making lovely pizzas, Jill. \nA: Thanks, Ann. Red wine or white wine with it? \nB: Usually I am drinking white, but today I'd like red. \nA: OK. And you, Tom? \nB: Water for him! He drives tonight! \n\nSimple present: estado permanente \nO simple present descreve \n1. processos regulares e repetitivos que formam determinada situação; \n2. estados permanentes. \n\nFatos irrefutáveis: \nI come from Germany. \n\nHábitos: \nI don't eat much chocolate. \n\nCostumes: \nThe cinema shows a lot of foreign films. \n\nProcessos regulares: \nPeople don’t celebrate Christmas in Japan. \n\nIndicação de profissão: \nShe's a writer. She writes detective stories. \n\nDon plays a lot of tennis. \n\nComparação da forma simples com a forma contínua \nAnn works for Siemens in Munich. \nShe is working on a new project now. \nI don't usually enjoy parties. \nBut I'm enjoying this one. \nIt doesn't snow here much. \nBut it's snowing now. \nAt Tim's school they learn two foreign languages. \nTim is learning French and Spanish. \nI usually get up at six. \nThis week I'm getting up late. I'm on holiday. A One sentence has a mistake. Which sentence is correct? \nI'm coming from England - I was born in Bristol. \nI come from England - I was born in Bristol. \n1 I live in Curitiba. Where do you live? \n2 We are saving to buy a new car. \nWe save to buy a new car. \n3 My sister learns English for her job. \nMy sister is learning English for her job. \n\nb (usually) I finish work at 5 o’clock. \n(this week) I finish at 4 o’clock \nI usually finish work at 5 o’clock. \nThis week I’m finishing at 4 o’clock. \n(usually) I go shopping on Fridays \n(this week) we go on Saturday \n(adv) john / go to work by car \n(today) I go to work by car \n(never) I work on Mondays, so that means I\ncan have a long weekend \n(sometimes) the children / visit their grandparents \n(this Sunday) they / stay at home \n\nComplete these dialogues. Put the verbs in the simple present or the present continuous. \n1 A: Would you like to come to the cinema this evening? \nB: I’m sorry, I can’t. My sister ... (stay) with us at the moment. \nA: How long ... (she/stay)? \n2 A: Hello, Sandra! Where ... (you/go) to my evening class...? \nB: I ... (go) to an Italian class once a week too. \nA: Really? I ... (go) to Italian class once a week too. \nB: Yes, we ... (normally/go) on holiday in the summer? \nA: Yes, this year we ... (not go) on holiday, either. \nA: Where ... (your brother/work)? \nB: He ... (work) for a big computer company. And your sister? \nA: She ... (not work) at the moment. She’s unemployed. \n\n1 Translate the following sentences. \n1 Não vamos viajar nas férias este ano, pois estamos nos mudando. \n2 Hoje está nevando muito. Normalmente não neva tanto assim em março. \n3 Meu irmão fala três línguas. Agora ele está aprendendo uma quarta: russo. \n4 O que você vai fazer esse fim de semana? Você vai ficar em casa? \n5 Hoje à noite vamos a um restaurante vegetariano porque nossos amigos não comem carne. 4\nSimple present versus present continuous (2)\n\nA: Can we meet tonight?\nB: Sorry I am having no time today.\nA: Tomorrow then? We could have a drink at the pub.\nB: It is depending on the time. After nine is OK.\nA: OK, 9:30 at the Crown? No, you don't like the Crown, do you?\nB: Oh, now I'm thinking it's quite nice, with the new owner.\n\nVerbos não usados na forma contínua\n\nVerbos que não designam uma atividade não são usados na forma contínua.\n\nVerbos que expressam necessidade, vontade ou gosto \nI need a drink. I want some beer. I like beer.\n\nVerbos que expressam pensamento, saber ou opinião \nI think Ed is right, but I don't know, I believe him.\n\nVerbos que expressam percepção sensorial \nDoes that taste good? It smells funny.\n\nVerbos que expressam qualidades ou estados \nThis looks like Italian. What does it mean?\n\nneed: precisar \nwant: querer \nlike: gostar \nwould: desejar \nthink: pensar \nsee: ver \nhear: ouvir \nsmell: cheirar \ntaste: ter gosto de \n\nAlguns desses verbos têm mais de um significado, isto é, um significado designa um estado (a forma contínua não é possível).\n\nEstado: impossível a forma contínua \nhave \nI have no time now. (ter)\nAnn has a big family. (ter)\nWe have a big double room. (ter)\nThey have lots of money. (ter)\nTom has an awful boss. (ter)\n\nthink \nWhat does Don think? (pensar, achar)\nWe think the flat is small. (pensar, achar)\n\nsee \nNow I see where the hole is. Here. (perceber)\nI see what you're trying to say. (compreender)\n\nlook \nThis building looks old. (parecer)\n\nResumo\n\nVerbos que expressam um estado e não uma ação não podem ser usados na forma contínua.\nExistem verbos com vários significados: ação = forma contínua; MAS estado = impossível a forma contínua.