Judd 3_ed_-_cap_5

Mapa 1. Distribución de Chusquea spp., un ejemplo de un género de gramíneas. Distribución PATTERNS OF NEOTROPICAL BAMBOOS THOMAS R. ROSSERTHORN, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LEWIS V. CLARK, OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY INTRODUCTION The grasses (Poaceae) are the fourth largest family of flowering plants, with approximately 600 genera encompassing 10,000 species (Clay, 1985). This family is well represented, but is by no means the only group of flowering vascular plants. Certainly, ecological recipes covering every terrestrial habitat must embrace all flowering plants, including but not limited to the grasses. TAXONOMY As a matter of convenience, bamboo are often divided into two broad categories, the woody bamboos and the herbaceous bamboos. These informal groupings are highly subjective, and the limitations based on the characteristics which separate them. Map 2. Distribution of the species. This is a summary of the distribution of the species of the genus *Cynara* L., indicated on the map of the western part of Central America, done by the special geographic program for the southern region.\n\nMap 4. Distribution of *Cynara* species. *Cynnara sylvestris* is reported in the moist areas of Costa Rica and is easily found from the provinces of Coclé and Herrera in Panama. Map 5. Distribution of *Eremurus* species, an analysis of general distribution in Alagoas, Brazil.\n\nMap 6. Distribution of native species in Bahia, Brazil. Map 7. Distribution of selected bamboo genera.\n\nMap 8. Distribution of selected bamboo genera. Adenocalamus, a genus known botanically to consist of 25-30 species from the subtropical and tropical regions of the world, is native to Brazil from where it was later introduced into Guiana and Guyana. The species are characterized by their resemblance to other genera in the family Gramineae.\n\nCoccoloba (Map 1). The largest subfamily in the world with about 300 species, reaching from Mexico to Argentina. Coccoloba includes the most recognized genus within the family, the C. capitata, which bears fleshy fruits that are often eaten by birds, thus aiding in the dispersal of the seeds. Further similarities are found in the distribution of Tropical and Subtropical species and in their ecologies across various environments (Carlton & Duran, 1985).\n\nCalyptrogyne Mak (A. pood), known Brazilian species of arbs consumed traditionally (see G. Sande & H. Toma in the index of Maura Gray Henson, 1981).\n\nOryza (Map 8). An attractive genus of a flailing bamboo found in 500-1000 m elevation; some species have been recorded from the U.S. Virgin Islands.\n\nHymenocallis, a genus of the starred species from Brazil tropical rainforests and several varieties or cultures exist throughout the region.\n\nEremochloa (Map 4). Distributed widely across Mexico, and is likewise recorded from the Caribbean basin. Map 12. Distribution of sandy loams across climates in Mexico and Central America.\n\n-\n\n[Map key and details on sediment types follow]. In the area of radicicolous and ergotinous species, such as those of 500 species, the D. parasites can be said to be of the highest complexity encountered on this subcontinent. The family is quite spectacular in (if not struggling with) taxonomy and environments.\n\nNeotropical bamboo\n\nNeotropical genera\n\nANARCHOBIALE\n\nA meagre collective, yet deeply interesting! This grouping is extremely variable in environment, yet holds resemblance to the Sternbergia floribus; very similar to distinct relationships of the species described (1939) in depth.\n\nUlva (Map 6). Monotropia (l. silvatica) reputedly described since 1909 accounts for more than 10,000 species and maintains taxonomic relevance (U.S. Fash, Richmond) and a broad spread of species (e.g., family recognized since 1836).