An Introduction To Combustion

AN INTRODUCTION TO COMBUSTION\nConcepts and Applications McGraw-Hill Series in Mechanical Engineering:\n\nConsulting Editors\n\nJack P. Holman, Southern Methodist University\nJohn Lloyd, Michigan State University\n\nAnderson: Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics with Applications\nAnderson: Modern Compressible Flow: With Historical Perspective\nArora: Introductions in Optimum Design\nBorman and Ragland: Combustion Engineering\nCengel: Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach\nCengel: Heat Transfer: A Practical Approach\nCengel: Introduction to Thermodynamics & Heat Transfer\nCengel: Principles of Energy Conversion\nDieter: Engineering Design: A Material & Processing Approach\nDoke: Linear Control System Engineering\nEdwards and McKee: Fundamentals of Mechanical Component Design\nGilman: Principles of Composite Material Mechanics\nHamrock: Fundamentals of Fluid Film Lubrication\nHeywood: Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals\nHistrand and Harlow: Introduction to Numerical Methods and Measurement Systems\nHolman: Experimental Methods for Engineers\nJaluria: Design and Optimization of Thermal Systems\nKays and Crawford: Convective Heat and Mass Transfer Kelly: Fundamentals of Mechanical Vibrations\nKimball: Kinematics Analysis and Synthesis\n Kreider and Rabi: Heating and Cooling of Buildings\nMartin: Kinematics and Dynamics of Machines\nMattingly: Elements of Gas Turbine Propulsion\nNorton: Design of Machinery\nOosthuizen and Carstage: Compressible Fluid Flow\nOosthuizen and Naylor: Introduction to Convective Heat Transfer Analysis\nReddy: An Introduction to Finite Element Method\nRosengren and Zang: Introduction to Physical Systems Dynamics\nSchlichting: Boundary-Layer Theory\nShames: Mechanics of Fluids\nShigley and Mischke: Mechanical Engineering Design\nShigley and Uicker: Theory of Machines and Mechanisms\nStecker: Design of Thermal Systems\nStoecker and Jones: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning\nsurfaces: Thermal Design Process\nWark: Advanced Thermodynamics for Engineers\nWhite: Fluid Mechanics\nWhite: Thermal Fluid Flow\nZeid: CAD/CAM Theory and Practice AN INTRODUCTION TO COMBUSTION\nConcepts and Applications\nSECOND EDITION\n\nStephen R. Turns\nPropulsion Engineering Research Center\nand\nDepartment of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering\nThe Pennsylvania State University\n\nBoston • Burr Ridge, IL • Dubuque, IA • Madison, WI\nNew York • San Francisco • St. Louis:\nBangkok • Bogota • Caracas • Lisbon • London • Madrid • Mexico City • Milan • New Delhi • Seoul • Singapore • Sydney • Taipei • Toronto\n\nMcGraw-Hill McGraw-Hill Higher Education\nA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies\n\nAN INTRODUCTION TO COMBUSTION: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS\nInternational Edition 2100\n\nExclusive rights by McGraw-Hill Book Co. – Singapore, for manufacture and export. This book cannot be\nexcerpted from the country to which it is consigned by McGraw-Hill\n\nCopyright © 2000, by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under\nthe United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any\nform or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the\npublisher.\n\n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9\n\nCIP SLP\n\nISBN 0-407-32009-5 (book)\nISBN 0-407-32008-1 (desk)\nISBN 0-407-32006-4 (book bound with disk)\n\nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data\n\nTurns, Stephen R.\nAn introduction to combustion: concepts and applications / Stephen R. Turns. -- 2nd ed.\n\"A McGraw-Hill series in mechanical engineering\"\n\nT575.A78 T78 2000\n621.40273--dc21\n\nwww.mhhe.com\n\nWhen ordering this title, use ISBN 0-407-116910-5\n\nPrinted in Singapore ABOUT THE AUTHOR\n\nStephen R. Turns received degrees in mechanical engineering from The Pennsylvania State University (B.S., 1970), Wayne State University (M.S., 1974), and the University of Wisconsin at Madison (Ph.D., 1979). He was a research engineer at General Motors Research Laboratories from 1970 to 1975. He joined the Penn State faculty in 1979 and is currently Professor of Mechanical Engineering. Dr. Turns teaches a wide variety of courses in the thermal sciences and has received several awards for teaching excellence at Penn State. He is an active combustion researcher, publishing widely, and is an active member of The Combustion Institute, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and the Society of Automotive Engineers. This Book Is Dedicated to\nMy Wife, Joan, and Our Sons,\nMatthew and Michael\n-SRT By contrast, the first fires flickering at a cave mouth are our own discovery, our own triumph, our grasp upon invisible chemical power. Fire contained, in that place of brutal darkness and leaping shadows, the crucible and the chemical retort, steam and industry. It contained the entire human future.\n\nLorenz Eiseley\nThe Unexpected Universe